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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Staphylococcus aureus alpha toxin ： ウィキペディア英語版 Staphylococcus aureus alpha toxin Alpha-toxin, also known as alpha-hemolysin (Hla), is the major cytotoxic agent released by bacterium ''Staphylococcus aureus'' and the first identified member of the pore forming beta-barrel toxin family. This toxin consists mostly of beta-sheets (68%) with only about 10% alpha-helices. The ''hla'' gene on the ''S. aureus'' chromosome encodes the 293 residue protein monomer, which forms heptameric units on the cellular membrane to form a complete beta-barrel pore. This structure allows the toxin to perform its major function, development of pores in the cellular membrane, eventually causing cell death. == Function == Alpha-toxin has been shown to play a role in pathogenesis of disease, as ''hla'' knockout strains show reductions in invasiveness and virulence. Interestingly, the dosage of toxin can result in two different modes of activity. Low concentrations of toxin bind to specific, but unidentified, cell surface receptors and form the heptameric pores. This pore allows the exchange of monovalent ions, resulting in DNA fragmentation and eventually apoptosis. Higher concentrations result in the toxin absorbing nonspecifically to the lipid bilayer and forming large, Ca2+ permissive pores. This in turn results in massive necrosis and other secondary cellular reactions triggered by the uncontrolled Ca2+ influx.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Staphylococcus aureus alpha toxin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.